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10:30   General Paper Session W65 - Management for sustainable design and construction Chair: Jan Bröchner 10:30 15 mins ADVANCEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, CONTRACTING, DESIGN, AND SUPPLY BUSINESSES VIS-A-VIS CONSTRUCTION MARKETS Pekka Huovinen Abstract: The background involves the multiplication of Porter's (1980) five forces framework and the prior design of the 8-arena framework for capturing complexity of managing businesses within each of hundreds of (inter)national construction markets. In turn, the aim of this theoretical paper is to advance environmental sustainability as part of managing the four primary businesses. The sustainability of construction-related business management is enabled by implanting drivers into each of the eight competitive arenas. In life-cycle contracting and development businesses, the novel drivers include the coupling of object development ideas with sustainability advantages. In design-build contracting businesses, such drivers include the re-engineering of value chains with all tiers of designers, subcontractors, and suppliers. In design businesses, such drivers include the transformations of design firms into long viewers, path dependency breakers, stock-specific programmers, object-specific planners, impact blockers, and impact cause tracers. In supply businesses, such drivers include the adoptions of cradle-to-cradle certifications, product formula renewals, and full responsibility takings over the life-cycles of supplied units. In the future, practitioners and researchers alike could adopt this high-sustainability 8-arena framework. Keywords: Building products, business management, construction, design, sustainability 10:45 15 mins DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABLE BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS INDUSTRY IN AUSTRALIA Timothy Rose, Karen Manley Abstract: This paper draws on a major study the authors conducted for the Australian Government in 2009. It focuses on the diffusion issues surrounding the uptake of sustainable building and construction products in Australia. Innovative sustainable products can minimise the environmental impact during construction, while maximising asset performance, durability and re-use. However, there are significant challenges faced by designers and clients in the selection of appropriate sustainable products in consideration of the integrated design solution, including overall energy efficiency, water conservation, maintenance and durability, low-impact use and consumption. The paper is a review of the current state of sustainable energy and material product innovations in Australia. It examines the system dynamics surrounding these innovations as well as the drivers and obstacles to their diffusion throughout the Australian construction industry. The case product types reviewed comprise: solar energy technology, small wind turbines, advanced concrete technology, and warm-mixed asphalt. The conclusions highlight the important role played by Australian governments in facilitating improved adoption rates. This applies to governments in their various roles, but particularly as clients/owners, regulators, and investors in education, training, research and development. In their role as clients/owners, the paper suggests that government can better facilitate innovation within the construction industry by adjusting specification policies to encourage the uptake of sustainable products. In the role as regulators, findings suggest governments should be encouraging the application of innovative finance options and positive end-user incentives to promote sustainable product uptake. Also, further education for project-based firms and the client/end users about the long-term financial and environmental benefits of innovative sustainable products is required. As more of the economy’s resources are diverted away from business-as-usual and into the use of sustainable products, some project-based firms may face short-term financial pain in re-shaping their businesses. Government policy initiatives can encourage firms make the necessary adjustments to improve innovative sustainable product diffusion throughout the industry. Keywords: sustainable products, innovation, construction industry, Australia 11:00 15 mins MAIN: SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION FOR INDUSTRIALIZED DETACHED HOUSE, SUB: ROLE OF RESOURCE RECYCLE FACILITY Shuichi Matsumura, Atsushi Kawasaki, Yuri Yoshizaki Abstract: Backgrounds The industrialized house is a house which applied an advanced industrial technology to the production. In Japan, the effectiveness of the applied technology has been demonstrated. However, the difference of productivity among construction projects is pointed out (Wu et al., 2008). Construction sites in the central area of Tokyo are small. There are no stock yards at construction sites. A general contractor is starting to adopt a little collection of industrial wastes from small projects (Hamada et al., 2004). The comprehensive logistics for detached house projects is necessary. Moreover, some industrialized detached house manufacturers have set up resource recycle facilities. Objectves The main objective of this research is to analyze the actual function and effect of resource recylcle facility in a Japanese industrialized detached house manufacturer, and to propose the comprehennsive and efficient resource recylce system from the standpoint of economic and environmental assessment. This research surveys the kinds of waste separation and their quantities at construction sites to make clear the effort at sites for industrial waste disposal. Then this surveys the waste separation and recycle system at resource recycle facility and analyzes the effectiveness of the facility established by house manufacturer itself. Research Method The survey institute is a Japanese house manufacturer M. It has built the industrialized houses on the basis of Japanese industrialized system with the wood panel bonding construction method. The structure of house is mainly composed of floor panels, wall panels and roof panels. The panels are manufactured in the factory beforehand, and are joined with glue at construction sites. Nailing and screwing is necessary as a finishing operation. After the shell of the building with the panels is erected, the desired finishes are applied to both inside and outside. On the outside, the plywood is often covered with the siding. On the inside, the fabric is often applied. This research compares the former industrial waste disposal sysytem and the current industrial waste disposal system with the resource recycle facility of house manufacturer M. First, this surveys 4 construction projects as the former system, and makes clear the kinds of waste separation and their quantities at construction site. How to dispose industrial waste outside construction sites is also surveyed. Secondly, this analyses the operation results of the resource recycle facility built in 2009 as the current system, and makes clear the effectiveness of more kinds of waste separation at the resource recycle facility. Finally this discusses the role and function of the resource recycle facility established by the house manufacturer itself. 11:15 15 mins AN OVERVIEW OF GREEN BUILDING PRACTICE IN TURKEY Deniz Ilter, Tolga Ilter Abstract: The building industry is responsible for a large part of the world’s environmental degradation as buildings converge in themselves major indexes of energy and water consumption, raw material employment and usage of land. Thus, green buildings, which are defined as resource-efficient and ecosystem-conscious structures designed with a holistic understanding of social and environmental responsibility, have become the flagship of sustainable development. Today, in several countries, there is a well developed green building practice that is used to improve and assess diverse aspects of a building such as site selection, energy, water, material consumption, waste production and pollution. Ongoing development of the sustainability phenomenon, as well as some pioneer green projects in Turkey, has brought on awareness and discussions regarding the green building practice in the Turkish architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) industry recently. In this paper, current green building practice, legislative framework and policies regarding green buildings have been analyzed and deficiencies in policies and statutory regulation in Turkey are determined to bring forward suggestions towards a more institutionalized development of green building practice. On the other hand, Singapore’s Green Building Masterplan and its key aspects have been overviewed as a best practice in terms of a planned and holistic approach in the quest for constituting a model for countries looking for a widespread adoption of green building practice in the near future like Turkey. 11:30 15 mins CAD-CAM AND CNC TECHNOLOGY IMPLEMENTATION FOR A SUSTAINABLE REFURBISHMENT OF HISTORIC DISTRICTS. A CASE STUDY FOR BILBAO Kepa Iturralde Abstract: After having researched a construction system based on CAD-CAM and CNC, we come to the conclusion that this system is appropriate for implementing it in refurbishment processes in old buildings. More precisely, refurbishment in buildings erected before industrialization with wooden structure and masonry facades in dense and historic city quarters. The main goals of the construction system are the recyclability of all elements, energy savings, bioclimatic performance, economy, accuracy and safety in the building site and simple procedures to write the project documentation. The old quarters accessibility is often a handicap for implementing standardized components. In this case, the structural panels can be elevated to the floors with a reasonable physical effort for the worker, using the staircase, instead of an electric elevator. Moreover, the heterogeneous personal economical resources of the neighbours in the building, is often an added problem for executing overall refurbishment of buildings. This system allows to make partial refurbishments and can work in different phases. The new program layout planned for the buildings or apartments solved with the common refurbishment technologies and systems, requires an added slab of 20 cm for the drainage piping system. The application of the system can avoid this. The construction system is adaptable to any geometry. In this way, there is no problem to applying the system on non-orthogonal plots. Using a CAD-CAM coordinated system the structure is easily adaptable to irregular geometries and dimensions. During the first industrial era, in the historic city centre buildings, the insertion of plumbing system in a wooden structure building was rarely successful. The wooden structure near these plumbing facilities, is almost always rotten or damaged. The proposed construction system offers a solution for this problematic. Normally such historic buildings don't have a correct insulation. The system allows a bioclimatic performance of the whole building. 11:45 15 mins FACILITIES MANAGEMENT: PROPOSALS FOR PRACTICE IMPROVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT THROUGH EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES IN SOUTH AFRICA Dries Hauptfleisch, Basie Verster Abstract: Prof Dries (AC) Hauptfleisch and Prof Basie (JJP) Verster University of the Free State, South Africa ABSTRACT Keywords: Educational programmes, facilities management, facilities management development, industry structuring, research. An investigation is made into the structure of international practice and the comparative local situation. Local structuring is loose, and to diverse for the available resources in a developing country. No integration exists between perceived practice requirements and the limited academic and research support available. The research is based on an international literature and internet overview, with local conditions cast against it. Some quantified data has been generated in practice. Practical implications arising out of the above is reflected in a proposed structure for the facilities management industry, supported by integrated education, training and research. The perceived value of this research nestles in adding value to the industry through a unified approach to development. 12:00 15 mins INNOVATIONS WITHIN DBFMO PROJECTS FROM A MAINTENANCE AND ENERGY-USE POINT OF VIEW Robbert Hansen, Matthijs Prins, Ad Straub Abstract: Key words: DBFMO, PFI, PPP, innovation, maintenance, energy‐use, performance specifications Abstract In most literature integrated contracting and procurement is assumed to result in more innovative solutions as a result of the intended process integration. This paper explores so called Design Build Finance Maintain Operate (DBFMO) cases in the Netherlands on resulting innovations focusing on maintenance and energy use. This as it might be assumed that in case of a DBFMO contractor innovations on these aspects are of direct benefit and thus the most easy to detect. In this study two DBFMO office projects are investigated. The two DBFMO projects are compared with five traditionally build office projects. First, the introduction describes the motives and the goal of the research. The second section provides the theoretical framework. In the third section the research methodology is explained. The case studies are presented in the fourth section. The fifth section presents the findings. The last section contains the conclusions and discussion. 12:15 15 mins IMPLEMENTING GREEN DESIGN INITIATIVES IN THE UAE Amritha Achuthan, Mohammed Dulaimi, Arun Bajracharya Abstract: The drive for more sustainable built environment in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) received a significant boost in the period 2006-2008 supported by new legislations from the government and increased interest from major stakeholder especially municipalities. The absence of locally developed frameworks for evaluating sustainable design of buildings has created opportunities for the introduction of foreign ones. LEED has become popular in industry and has even influenced the current current attempts to develop a local framework. The paper will report the findings of a research that, first, evaluated the effectiveness of LEED framework in dealing with local issues. Secondly the paper will examine 2 case studies where LEED was used in one of the cases to ensure the development is sustainable. The second case study sustainability was driven by what was considered to be “responsible” design. The need for more integrated design practices is highlighted in the analysis as well as the role of the local municipality in facilitating sustainability in these cases.